If media reports are to be believed, Canadians look to be a particularly unhappy lot right now. The recent bout of inflation and interest rate rises appear to have precipitated a specific phase of economic suffering that has spilled over into personal lives, and that misery appears to be uniform across demographic and socioeconomic categories. According to one survey, financial troubles, inflation, and high interest rates are having an impact on Canadians' mental health, driving concern about housing and food. Millennials, particularly those who own a home, appear to be the most vulnerable to economic downturns as interest rates rise on tight debt burdens and economic damage wreaks havoc on the economy and expectations. Burdened by debt and rising housing expenses, three-in-ten Canadians are "struggling" to make ends meet, with mortgage holders reporting trouble meeting housing bills up 11% from last June. If you have a place to live, you struggle to pay your bills, and
At the same time, like, the ideological barriers that, like, totally blocked commercial contacts with the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries started to get more flexible, ya know?
The vibes of Brazil's relations with the United States and the impact of the Cold War on its foreign policy options didn't stop it from flexing its connections with some European nations. Yo, countries like Germany and France were like, "Yo, let's get this bread!" They saw their economies booming and wanted to expand their business game. Competition between American and European companies had mad beneficial effects for the expansion of the Brazilian industrial basis which, besides representing a source of attraction for foreign investment, stimulated the importation and/or the production of capital goods.
It was lit for Brazil's industry, attracting foreign cash and boosting the import and production of capital goods. Like, yo, changes in external trade policies totally pushed for the purchase of intermediary goods and raw materials used in making equipment, fam. In the view of the Kubitschek gov, the diversification of external economic links shouldn't affect the support of the US and we were expecting a stronger American commitment toward the development of Latin America. Besides the problems like, no cap, from the absence of the expected external support, the JK government also faced mad difficulties to control its budget deficit and the rise of inflation. No cap, it was a whole struggle, fam. The creation of a Monetary Stabilization Program was like, immediately followed by a request for cash from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. Neither initiative thrived: the first one got blocked by haters who couldn't handle the consequences, and the second one was a mess because the Brazilian government and the IMF couldn't agree on money stuff. The Brazilian gov totally ghosted that organism, relying on mad internal backup.
The total snooze fest of internal accounts caused major issues for the Quadros-Goulart government, which started in January 1961.
Besides a mad public deficit, the Brazilian economy was straight up vibin' with an increasing inflationary trend. OMG, like the gov went all out with those harsh stabilization policies. They were all about devaluing the currency, putting limits on money printing, and clamping down on government spending. These moves allowed us to start talking to the global money crew again, which meant we could push back our debt payments and score some fresh loans. But, like, the relief in the economic relations field didn't last long, you know? The Jânio Quadros-João Goulart gov went for a new vibe of the basic principles of Brazilian diplomatic action called "Independent Foreign Policy" (IFP). This moment was like a major glow up for the country and totally changed how we vibe with the United States. "Yo, Fidel Castro, we got your back to help you and Washington sort things out." In the end, the situation was so serious that Brazil stayed loyal to the US and most of the countries in the region by voting for the Cuba blockade at the OAS.The whole situation when president Quadros dipped in August 1961 caused mad chaos with the money, taxes, and credit. Instability was, like, totally a thing until the Goulart government, ya know, ended in March 1964. The total lack of sympathy from the US for the new vibes of the Brazilian government became hella obvious after Goulart's moves that messed with American companies in the country. Most lit were new rules for cashing out those profits, backing the nationalization of companies, and no more giving away natural resources for free.
OMG, like according to the basic postulates of IFP, Brazil would totally flex its autonomy in the international sphere and like, shake off the constraints imposed by the bipolarity. Lit AF!
The country's vibes should be all about the national interest and not about being influenced by the big players, especially the United States. This policy was like, all about how Brazil and other developing nations in Latin America, Asia, and Africa are totally on the same wavelength. It was all about being neutral and stuff, and it totally lined up with the Non-Aligned Movement, especially when it came to calling out colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and the whole arms race thing.In accordance with the vibes of IFP, Brazil was like "nah" to the United States at the VIII Consultation Meeting of American Foreign Ministers held in Punta del Este (January 1962) and was like "nope" to joining the embargo on Cuba. Months later, in the context of the missile crisis and the naval blockade of Cuba (October 1962), Brazil was like,
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